CVE-2021-4462 Scanner

Employee Records System is a software application used by organizations to manage and store employee information effectively. It is designed to help human resources departments in maintaining accurate records, tracking employee performance, and storing necessary documentation. This system is typically used by HR professionals, managers, and IT administrators who need to access and analyze employee data. The platform provides functionalities such as storing personnel data, managing work schedules, and processing payroll. In organizations, it is an essential tool for ensuring compliance with employment laws and streamlining HR processes. Its deployment can be seen across various industries for internal human resources management.

The vulnerability in question is an Unrestricted File Upload found in the Employee Records System version 1.0. It allows attackers to upload arbitrary files without proper authentication or limitations on the file type, which can lead to severe security risks. This particular flaw is located in the uploadID.php' endpoint, which does not validate inputs effectively, permitting potentially malicious files to be uploaded. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to upload a PHP script and execute server-side scripts, bypassing security mechanisms. The consequence is remote code execution, which compromises the server's integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Understanding and safeguarding against this vulnerability is crucial for businesses relying on this system.

At a technical level, the vulnerability lies in the uploadID.php' file, which fails to check for authentication and restrict file types during the upload process. An attacker can craft a POST request, embedding a PHP file within a legitimate form field, which the system then processes without validation. By executing a GET request, the attacker can access the uploaded file in the designated directory. This vulnerability can lead to executing arbitrary code, providing the attacker control over the server environment. The lack of file type checks and authentication on this endpoint exacerbates the threat. The combination of these technical weaknesses makes the system susceptible to remote attacks.

When exploited, this vulnerability can have dire consequences, such as unauthorized access to sensitive information and control of the server environment. Attackers could manipulate or steal confidential employee data, leading to privacy breaches. Moreover, since remote code execution is possible, attackers may install backdoors, launch further attacks within the network, or disrupt the server operation. The organization may suffer financial losses, reputational damage, and legal implications. Addressing this vulnerability promptly is essential to prevent exploitation and safeguard organizational assets from adversaries.

REFERENCES

• https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/49596
• https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/11393/employee-records-system.html