FineReport Arbitrary File Upload Scanner

FineReport is a versatile business intelligence (BI) and reporting software widely used across various sectors. It is designed to enhance data visualization and analytics for businesses, providing comprehensive reporting capabilities. Users utilize FineReport for creating complex reports, integrating data sources, and deploying business intelligence solutions. Its flexibility allows customization to suit different business needs, making it a favorite among data analysts and IT departments. The software is primarily used in corporate environments to streamline data handling and reporting processes. FineReport's robust functionalities enable businesses to make informed decisions based on real-time data insights.

The Arbitrary File Upload vulnerability allows attackers to write or overwrite files on the server hosting the application. This can occur when the software fails to properly validate or sanitize file inputs and paths. As a result, unauthorized users can upload files to unintended directories, posing a significant security risk. Exploiting this vulnerability can lead to data breaches or further exploitation by executing malicious files. The vulnerability is critical as it can allow the remote execution of uploaded scripts or code. Arbitrary File Upload vulnerabilities can compromise server integrity and pose a potential threat to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system.

Technical details of this vulnerability include the ability to overwrite files via HTTP requests to specific endpoints. The vulnerability can be exploited by crafting specific requests that manipulate file paths. By not adequately verifying the filepath or its content, the application allows malicious users to upload files with dangerous extensions. This particular template targets the endpoint at '/WebReport/ReportServer' using the 'design_save_svg' command. Attackers can misuse this area to store files outside the intended upload directory by exploiting traversal sequences in file paths. The vulnerability exposes a major flaw in input handling, permitting unauthorized access and file management on the server.

Exploiting the Arbitrary File Upload vulnerability can lead to severe outcomes such as server-side scripting attacks. Malicious adversaries can upload executable scripts, which then get executed on the server, leading to unauthorized actions or data manipulation. System compromise may occur, resulting in data theft, service disruption, or creating a backdoor for persistent access. The vulnerability can also facilitate further attacks, such as privilege escalation or lateral movement within a network. Organizations may experience financial loss, reputational damage, or legal repercussions if sensitive data is compromised. Securing systems against such vulnerabilities is paramount to maintaining overall cybersecurity posture.

REFERENCES

• https://github.com/NHPT/WebReportV9Exp/blob/main/WebReport_Exp