FineReport Local File Inclusion Scanner

FineReport is commonly used by data analysts, business intelligence professionals, and IT departments across various industries for generating reports and visualizing data. This software is employed in scenarios requiring the integration of multiple data sources and for real-time data processing and reporting. Known for its flexibility and ease of use, FineReport allows businesses to create visually appealing reports that aid in decision-making. Organizations use this tool to streamline their reporting processes and to obtain insights from large volumes of data. The product is used both in small-scale setups as well as enterprise-level applications, thus covering a wide range of reporting needs. FineReport supports high customization levels, which means users can modify templates and processes according to specific requirements.

Local File Inclusion (LFI) is a type of vulnerability typically found in web applications that allows an attacker to include files on a server through the web browser. This vulnerability occurs when the application takes user input such as a URL or file path and incorporates it into a script in a way that allows unintended files or scripts to be included or executed. In the case of FineReport, there is a potential risk where unauthorized users could access sensitive files on the server due to improper control over file paths. The risk is predominantly posed by improperly sanitized input that an attacker can manipulate to retrieve files from different directories. LFI can lead to further attacks, enabling potential data exposure or even remote code execution under certain configurations.

The technical details regarding this vulnerability indicate that the vulnerable endpoint in FineReport is the 'ReportServer' component, specifically during requests aiming for geoJSON data. The parameter 'resourcepath' used in the GET request is prone to manipulation, allowing malicious actors to alter the file path and access local files. Ideally, the application fails to validate or sanitize this parameter adequately, leading to the inclusion of arbitrary files. The vulnerable URLs often include specific commands such as 'get_geo_json' where the input file name, provided by users, isn't validated thoroughly. Successful exploitation requires sending a specially crafted HTTP GET request to the affected endpoint that leverages the insecurity in path handling. This weakness can be identified by checking for the presence of sensitive strings in the response body like root configuration files which should not be exposed.

When an LFI vulnerability like the one in FineReport is exploited, malicious users may gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or system files from the server. Such access could lead to exposure of critical system information, potentially leading to further exploits or pivoting to other areas of the network. Continued exploitation may facilitate unauthorized command execution, privilege escalation, and could ultimately lead to a system compromise. Additionally, this vulnerability can be a precursor to executing server-side scripts, reading log files, or disclosing configuration files — all of which can provide an attacker with the necessary information to launch endeavors for further intrusion. Beyond immediate data risk, LFI vulnerabilities contribute to larger attack surfaces, making security posture quite compromised if left unpatched.

REFERENCES

• https://web.archive.org/web/20200506020241/http://foreversong.cn/archives/1378