Name: Mako Scanner

Mako, a popular template engine, is utilized by web developers for dynamic web applications that require server-side templating. It allows embedding Python within HTML to generate dynamic web pages. Developed for efficiency and flexibility, Mako is often used in web applications where performance is a critical concern. Its user base includes both individual developers and organizations looking to streamline web application development. Widely adopted in the Python ecosystem, it plays a significant role in rendering HTML content dynamically. Its use spans small individual projects to large-scale enterprise applications.

Server Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerabilities allow attackers to execute arbitrary code on a server by exploiting template parsing functionalities. These vulnerabilities occur when untrusted input is embedded within templates. SSTI can lead to severe security risks including remote code execution and unauthorized access to sensitive data. Attackers take advantage of poorly implemented secure coding practices to insert malicious payloads. This vulnerability type poses a significant threat to servers utilizing template engines like Mako. Proper validation and sanitization of inputs can help mitigate such risks.

In this context, the vulnerability involves the use of Mako templates, where attackers can inject malicious payloads. The injection point in this scenario is the query parameter, vulnerable to remote template code execution. A typical payload might leverage Python's exec capabilities to execute arbitrary system commands. This can facilitate data exfiltration or further intrusion into the server's environment. SSTI vulnerabilities often exploit functions like `os.system` in Python, commonly used in template engines when improperly secured. The vulnerability is compounded when template engines fail to properly isolate execution environments.

If exploited, SSTI vulnerabilities can lead to complete server compromise and unauthorized access to sensitive information. Attackers can execute arbitrary code, potentially leading to data breaches or further network infiltration. The exploitation can disrupt services, causing denial of service or financial loss. Such vulnerabilities may also result in unauthorized access to user data, violating privacy and regulatory compliance. Consequently, businesses may suffer reputational damage and incur legal liabilities. Mitigating SSTI vulnerabilities is essential to maintaining a secure software environment and protecting organizational assets.

REFERENCES

• https://www.makotemplates.org/
• https://medium.com/@0xAwali/template-engines-injection-101-4f2fe59e5756