Microsoft SharePoint Security Misconfiguration Scanner

Microsoft SharePoint is a web-based collaborative platform that integrates with Microsoft Office. Primarily used by enterprises for document storage and management, SharePoint is used to create websites and intranets for organizational communications. Its wide adoption among businesses and government organizations is due to its robust features for document management, access control, and team collaboration. Organizations utilize SharePoint for streamlining document workflows and providing internal and external users with access to organizational data. Companies deploy SharePoint either on-premises or in the cloud to meet various business needs, such as improving team productivity and facilitating information sharing. The platform supports extensive customization to fit the specific needs of its users.

This vulnerability occurs when the Site Pages library in Microsoft SharePoint is accessible without proper authentication. The library contains modern SharePoint pages (.aspx files), and its exposure could potentially leak sensitive information that is not meant for public viewing. The vulnerability allows unauthorized access to site content and the structure of pages, which could be exploited. When not properly secured, this misconfiguration can lead to unintended information disclosure. Proper access controls are not enforced, leaving the data in Site Pages libraries open for access. Thus, it represents a vector for attackers to gather intelligence about the SharePoint sites and possibly exploit further vulnerabilities.

Technically, the vulnerability is checked by making an HTTP GET request to a specific endpoint on the SharePoint server. The request targets the path `/SitePages/Forms/AllPages.aspx`. The response is analyzed for certain indicators in the body, such as "Site Contents", "Libraries", and "accessible mode". The presence of these elements denotes that the endpoint is improperly secured, allowing unauthorized users to view site pages. Potentially, this can expose sensitive site content without requiring authentication. This specific approach identifies sites whose page structures are inadvertently leaked, providing attackers with contextual information about the site.

If exploited by malicious individuals, this type of vulnerability can lead to data exposure and loss of sensitive information. Attackers could gain insights into the structure and operation of SharePoint sites, potentially leading to further exploitation. Furthermore, exposure of internal pages could reveal workflow vulnerabilities that attackers might leverage. This could lead to unauthorized access to other parts of the organization's network, data theft, and potential reputational damage. The vulnerability may also unintentionally aid in other attacks by providing a blueprint of internal navigation paths and content placement.

REFERENCES

• https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sharepoint/dev/general-development/work-with-site-pages
• https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/site-pages-library
• https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sharepoint/dev/features/site-pages-overview