Ncast Arbitrary File Read Scanner

Ncast HD Intelligent Recording systems are often utilized in educational and corporate environments for high-definition recording and broadcasting. The systems facilitate the capture, management, and distribution of multimedia content, supporting live streaming and on-demand access to recorded sessions. These solutions are designed to enhance communication by providing high-quality video recordings and integration capabilities with existing infrastructure. While they offer significant benefits in terms of connectivity and visual communication, security remains a critical component of their deployment. Institutions and organizations using Ncast systems must ensure they maintain up-to-date configurations to mitigate potential vulnerabilities. Proper security management is crucial to safeguarding both the system's functionality and the sensitive data it might handle.

Arbitrary File Read vulnerabilities allow an attacker to access restricted files on a server, potentially exposing sensitive information. Exploiting this vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access to configuration files, passwords, and personal data. It usually occurs when an application fails to adequately validate user-controlled input used in file paths. This type of vulnerability can severely impact the security of an application by revealing internal structures or sensitive information. Preventing unauthorized file readings is essential to maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the data stored or transmitted by the application. Organizations must take measures to detect, patch, and monitor such vulnerabilities to prevent data breaches.

The Ncast HD Intelligent Recording system is susceptible to an Arbitrary File Read vulnerability when improperly sanitizing the file path in inputs, such as those provided through URL parameters. This specific template tests for vulnerable endpoints by performing a GET request to specific URLs. The template's matchers look for evidence of file reading, such as the presence of certain keywords within the response body and the type of content being downloaded. An attacker might exploit this by traversing directory paths to access files located outside the webroot directory, resulting in unauthorized data leakage. Ensuring file retrieval functions correctly handle user inputs and restrict access to non-public directories is critical to mitigating this flaw.

If exploited, an Arbitrary File Read vulnerability in the Ncast system could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information, such as configuration files, user credentials, or other critical data. Malicious actors could gather information to further exploit systems, access user data, or disrupt operational functionality. In severe cases, leaked information could provide stepping stones for additional attacks, including privilege escalation, data theft, or system sabotage. It could also have legal implications if personal data housed within the system is accessed without consent. The potential for compromised system integrity and data breach underscores the importance of addressing these vulnerabilities promptly and thoroughly.

REFERENCES

• https://github.com/wy876/POC/blob/main/Ncast%E9%AB%98%E6%B8%85%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%BD%95%E6%92%AD%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%AD%98%E5%9C%A8%E4%BB%BB%E6%84%8F%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E8%AF%BB%E5%8F%96%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E.md