CVE-2018-7192 Scanner

osTicket is a widely used open-source support ticket system used by businesses and organizations to enhance customer communication and support. The platform allows users to submit tickets through web forms, e-mail, and phone, supporting various channels of client communication. It is preferred in situations requiring the organization and automation of customer support queries. Businesses use it to track, manage, and archive interactions, providing scenario-based workflow tools. The software is implemented in a variety of industries owing to its flexibility and customizable service. Ensuring its security is paramount, given the sensitive user data and operations handled within the system.

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is a vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. It targets the manipulation of client-side scripts, typically in the context of a web browser. The malicious scripts are executed in the victim's web browser as if they originated from a trusted server, potentially accessing cookies, session tokens, or other sensitive information. XSS vulnerabilities emerge in web applications where user input is insufficiently sanitized. It poses significant security risks, potentially leading to unauthorized actions on behalf of the victims. Mitigating XSS vulnerabilities is crucial for maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of web application data.

The vulnerability exists in the /ajax.php/form/help-topic endpoint of osTicket, specifically in the handling of the "message" parameter. The script fails to sufficiently validate and sanitize user input, allowing for the injection of arbitrary web scripts or HTML. An attacker can craft a malicious request to this endpoint, which results in the execution of JavaScript code within the context of a victim’s browser. The vulnerability is considered significant due to its ease of exploitation and potential impact on privacy and security. Proper mitigation involves ensuring rigorous input validation and output encoding practices. The endpoint's misconfiguration serves as a critical vector for such XSS vulnerabilities.

When exploited, this XSS vulnerability allows attackers to perform actions such as session hijacking, data extraction, and redirection to malicious sites. It can lead to a compromise in user sessions, potentially exposing sensitive communication or data within the osTicket system. Additionally, unauthorized actions could be performed on behalf of users, including altering tickets or accessing privileged areas of the application. The broader implications may include the spread of malware or phishing attacks via manipulated web pages. Thus, the effects could erode user trust and significantly harm the reputation of organizations using osTicket.

REFERENCES

• https://blog.securityevaluators.com/vulnerabilities-found-in-popular-ticketing-system-dd273bda229c
• https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7192