Panalog logging system Arbitrary File Read Scanner

Panalog logging system is used by various organizations to manage and analyze logs from different applications and servers. It provides a centralized system for collecting, storing, and analyzing log data, making it easier for IT teams to monitor system activity and detect issues. The system is commonly implemented in environments where security and compliance are critical, helping teams to quickly respond to incidents. Companies utilize the Panalog system to streamline log management processes, improve operational efficiency, and ensure adherence to regulatory requirements. The tool supports large-scale log data handling and offers features for correlation, alerting, and generating insights from log data. IT professionals leverage Panalog to gain visibility into system operations and maintain robust security postures.

The Arbitrary File Read vulnerability in the Panalog logging system allows an attacker to exploit improper handling of file paths. This vulnerability can be triggered by sending crafted requests that include directory traversal sequences, potentially leading to unauthorized access to sensitive files. The vulnerability arises from insufficient input validation and inadequate controls on file access within the application. Attackers can request files residing outside the intended directory, bypassing access controls and potentially exposing confidential information. Exploiting this vulnerability can give malicious users access to critical system files, thereby increasing the risk of data breaches. The ability to read arbitrary files poses a significant security risk, particularly in environments that process sensitive data or intellectual property.

The technical details of this vulnerability involve submitting a specially crafted POST request to the error.php endpoint of the Panalog logging system. By manipulating the `errname` parameter, an attacker can append directory traversal sequences such as `../../../../../` to navigate the file system hierarchy and access files like `/etc/passwd`. The vulnerability is exacerbated by the system's failure to properly filter or sanitize the file path input, which should otherwise restrict file access to predetermined directories. The issue is compounded when the system returns HTTP status 200 along with sensitive content, indicating a successful file access. The compromised endpoint does not enforce proper access controls or validation, making it a prime target for exploitation.

If successfully exploited, the Arbitrary File Read vulnerability can have severe consequences. Attackers could access confidential configuration files, user authentication credentials, and other sensitive information stored on the server. This could lead to further penetration into the network, privilege escalation, and unauthorized data exfiltration. In addition, the compromised information could be used for identity theft, fraud, or crafting targeted attacks against the organization. For organizations subject to compliance regulations, such breaches can result in significant financial penalties and damage to reputation. The potential for unauthorized data access underscores the importance of implementing rigorous input validation and access controls.